Single-stage refrigeration long-stroke piston compressor with a long working cycle and intensive external cylinder cooling: Features of working processes

The article considers the influence of the design and operating parameters of a single-stage low-speed reciprocating piston compressor on the changes in ammonia state parameters during the compression process. The research presents a calculation method for the actual operating process of such a compressor stage in a single-phase formulation considering the processes of non-stationary heat conduction with the combined application of boundary conditions of the 2nd and 3rd types.

The authors performs the design and operating parameters of the stage as independent parameters: a comparative analysis of the changes in the ammonia state parameters during the compression process for boiling temperatures of 228, 243, and 258 K and for a condensation temperature of 323 K with a change in the piston stroke to cylinder diameter ratio from 12.5 to 50; cycle time from 1 to 6 s; the ratio of the forward stroke time to the return stroke time from 1:1 to 1:3; the change in the heat flux density on the outer cylinder surface up to 50 %. Moreover, the research demonstrates that for certain combinations of the specified design and operating parameters of the compressor stage, the ammonia state parameters during compression may correspond to those in the wet vapor region, which suggest the possibility of partial refrigerant condensation in the stage working chamber. However, the mathematical model widely used to calculate the operating processes of refrigeration compressors is only valid in the dry superheated vapor region.

Therefore, the obtained results related to the possibility of refrigerant condensation can only be an informed assumption. However, considering the predicted efficiency of refrigerant compression, the results are an indirect confirmation of the relevance of developing methods for experimental and theoretical research of the operating processes of compressors of this type in the sphere of wet steam.

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