avroenОмский научный вестник. Серия "Авиационно-ракетное и энергетическое машиностроение"Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Aviation-Rocket and Power Engineering2588-03732587-764XОмский государственный технический университет10.25206/2588-0373-2025-9-4-88-99GVMTARavroen-138Research ArticleАВИАЦИОННАЯ И РАКЕТНО-КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКАAVIATION AND ROCKET-SPACE ENGINEERINGОсобенности термосферы для аэродинамического анализа сверхнизкоорбитальных аппаратовFeatures of the thermosphere for the aerodynamic analysis of ultralow orbitshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3126-9865ФедянинВ. В.FedyaninV. V.

Федянин Виктор Викторович, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Электрическая техника» AuthorID (SCOPUS): 57194235343ResearcherID: O-9899-2015

Россия, 644050, г. Омск, пр. Мира, 11

Fedyanin Viktor Viktorovich, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Electrical Equipment Department

Russia, Omsk, Mira Ave., 11, 644050

vvfedyanin@omgtu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0635-4849ШалайВ. В.ShalayV. V.

Шалай Виктор Владимирович, доктор технических наук, профессор (Россия), заведующий кафедрой «Нефтегазовое дело, стандартизация и метрология»AuthorID (РИНЦ): 9913AuthorID (SCOPUS): 35792469000AuthorID (SCOPUS): 56755298300AuthorID (SCOPUS): 57190972363ResearcherID: P-8233-2015

Россия, 644050, г. Омск, пр. Мира, 11

Shalay Viktor Vladimirovich, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Oil and Gas Storage, Standardization and Certification Department

Russia, Omsk, Mira Ave., 11, 644050

Омский государственный технический университетРоссияOmsk State Technical UniversityRussian Federation202530122025948899Copyright © Федянин В.В., Шалай В.В., 20252025Федянин В.В., Шалай В.В.Fedyanin V.V., Shalay V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ariem.omgtu.ru/jour/article/view/138

В статье рассматриваются физические условия термосферы в области сверхнизких орбит, анализируются особенности свободномолекулярного обтекания космических аппаратов. Особое внимание уделяется моделям взаимодействия молекулярного потока с поверхностью космического аппарата, включая вопросы аккомодации энергии и импульса. Представлен анализ физических параметров термосферы на сверхнизких орбитах, включая распределение плотности, температуры и химического состава, а также их зависимость от солнечной и геомагнитной активности. Проанализированы теоретические основы свободномолекулярного режима обтекания, где рассматриваются уравнения движения частиц, условия отражения от поверхности. Представлены методы экспериментального и расчётного определения коэффициентов аккомодации энергии. Анализируется влияние параметров атмосферы и характеристик поверхности на аэродинамику сверхнизкоорбитальных аппаратов.

The article examines the physical conditions of the thermosphere in the field of very low orbits, analyzes the features of free molecular flow around spacecraft. Special attention is paid to models of the interaction of a molecular stream with the surface of a spacecraft, including issues of energy and momentum accommodation. An analysis of the physical parameters of the thermosphere in very low Earth orbit is presented, including the distribution of density, temperature, and chemical composition, as well as their dependence on solar and geomagnetic activity. The theoretical foundations of the free molecular flow regime are analyzed, where the equations of particle motion and the conditions of reflection from the surface are considered. Methods of experimental and computational determination of energy accommodation coefficients are considered. The influence of atmospheric parameters and surface characteristics on the aerodynamics of ultralow orbiters is analyzed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.